Wrench.



Patented Dec. 4', |900.

`.1. FATKIN.

W R E N C H.

(Application med Apr. 25,' 1900.,

2 Sheets-Sheet l.

(No Model) Tu: Nonms PE1 :Rs co, wom-Lunel. wnsnmsrnu, u. c

Nrrnn STATES JAMESYFATKIN, OF GULOH, COLORADO.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of` Letters Patent No. 663,162, datedDecember 4, 1960.

Application filed April 25. 1900. Serial No. 14,243.V (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom, it may concern,.-

Beit known that I, JAMES FATKIN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Gulch, in the county of Pitkin and State of Oolorado, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Wrenches; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements inwrenches for pipes, rods, tubes, nuts, and the like, and moreparticularly to a modified construction of a type of wrenches shown incertain other applications iiled by me of even date herewith,

wherein the movable jaw has both a sliding and swinging movementrelative to a fixed jaw, whereby when the said jaws are adj usted l tograsp a pipe, rod, tube, or nut a proper' manipulation of the handlewill cause the movable jaw to grasp the object to be turned and upon areverse movement of the handle the grip will be instantly released.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an edge View of a wrenchembodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is apartial sectional elevation with a portion of the operating-handleomitted and shows the movable jaw in section. Fig. 4 is a side elevationof a slightly-modified form of wrench with a part of the handle brokenaway. Fig. 5 is asection on line 5 5 of Fig. 4. Figs. 6 and 7 are sideelevations of other slightly-modified forms of the improved wrench,parts of the handle and fixed jaw being omitted. Fig. 8 is across-section through the handle, the cheek-pieces being shown inelevation and the movable jaw being omitted. Fig. 9 is a cross-sectionthrough the movable jaw on line 9 9 of Fig. 2, with the screw omittedand showing the groove and end seat for the screw. Fig. 10 is an endview of the movable jaw with the screw omitted. Figs. 11, 12, and 13 area side elevation, anend elevation, and bottom plan view,'respectively,.of the preferred form of nut. Fig. 14 is a bottom plan view of amodified form of nut; and Fig. l5 shows in side andpend elevation,respectively,still another slightly-modified form of nut as used in theconstruction of wrench shown by Fig. 7.

Similar letters of reference indicate similar parts throughout theseveral views.

In the drawings, A represents the handle of the wrench, which may be ofa size and shape adapted to the particular use for which it is intended.At its extreme end the handle carries a stationary or fixed jaw A at apredetermined angle to the handle and havinga notched face a. Risingfrom the handle, on each side thereof and at a suitable distance fromthe jaw A,are thetwo cheek-pieces a 0,', between which the movable jaw`B is adapted to have a sliding movement, as will hereinafter appear.The movable jaw B has a serrated face b, which in the operation of thewrench is adapted to coact with the face o, of the iixed jaw A.Projecting rearwardly from the face b is the body portion B', providedwith the slot b', extending longitudinally thereof, said body portionbeing adapted to fit between and be guided by the cheek-pieces d' a.Carried by said body portion B of the movable jaw, and preferably seatedin a recess or groove Z913 formed therein below the lower face of theslot U, is a screw B2, the forward end b2 of which is seated in asocketb3 in the jaw in such manner that any thrust upon the jaw will bedirectly transmitted to the screw lengthwise thereof. At its oppositeend the movable jaw is provided witha bearing h4, in which the rearunthreaded portion b5 of the screw B2 is mounted to turn freely, the end0f the screw being extended beyond the said bearing and having fixedthereto in any appropriate manner the knurled head b.

In order to prevent endwise movement of the screw B2 in the movable jaw,the unthreaded bearing portion b5 thereof is provided with a circulargroove o7, a complementary recess IOO with a screw-threaded groove c,adapted to be engaged by the threads of the screw B2. This nut litsbetween the cheek-pieces a.' a', to which it is loosely connected by apivotpin c', which passes through a hole c2 in the nut above thescrew-threaded groove c. At each end the nut C is provided withprojections c3, which extend beyond the sides of the body portion of themovable jaw and embrace and bear upon t-he edges of the cheekand thatmovement of the handle A in the` direction of the arrow s will cause themovable jaw to turn on the pin c as a center, thus clamping the pipe,tube, or rod with a irm grip between the faces a and b of the jaws.

movable jaw on the pin c', thus separating the jaws and promptlyreleasing the object gripped. As the handle is moved to grip the i pipe,tube, or rod between the jaws strain i will be put upon the movable jaw,tending to i separate the two faces a and b, which strain,

groove to engage the screw.

through the screw B2, will be transmitted to the nut C and from it tothe cheek-pieces a a' through the forward pair of Vthe projections 03c2, which thus closely relieves thel pivot-pin c'.

In order to provide for the proper range of swinging movement of themovable jaw on the pin c', and thereby secure greater efficiency in thegripping action of the jaws, the portion of the handle between thecheekpieces is cut away or beveled, as at d,although this may not alwaysbe necessary, and, in` fact, depends upon the height of the pin coninection between the cheek-pieces and nut C and the range of swingingmovement desired for the movable jaw.

While I have described the above as the preferred embodiment of myinvention, yetl the construction is susceptible of modifica,

tion and change. As, for instance, instead of placing the screw B2 in arecess Z213 in the body portion of the movable jaw such screw,

as illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5, might be` placed in a similar recess inthe upper wall` of the slot b', in which case the nut C would beprovided on its upper face with a threaded In this case the pin c willof course be passed through the nut below the threaded groove. Insteadof the screw B2 passing through a groove in the upper or lower faces ofthenut it may, if desired, pass directly through a screw-threaded holetherein, as indicated in Figs. 7 and 15,

A reverse movement of the handle in the direction of the arrow s' willturn thel in which B12 is the screw, and C5 is the nut, having theprojections c3 cS at each end, as before, but being provided with acentral longitudinally-threaded hole cw.

Since the strain to which the movable jaw is subjected is alwayslengthwise of the wrench, tending to force the jaws apart, itis notnecessary to provide the nut with projections c3 c3 at each end thereof.-In fact, as illustrated in Fig. 6, the lugs or projections c3 at oneend of the nut may be omitted altogether, in which case the lugs 013 onthe opposite end of the nut would, as before, engage the forward edgesof the cheelopieces.

By pivoting the sliding jaw to the cheekpieces loosely and providing thenut with projections to engage the cheek-pieces the pivotpin c isrelieved of all strain.

It will be noticed that in the embodiment of the invention shown inFigs. 4 and 5 the clamping-faces of the movable and fixed jaws aresubstantially parallel when the said jaws are in the normal or openposition. This feature is of particular advantage for hexagonal or otherstraight-faceted nuts.

Having thus described rnyinvention, what I claim is- 1. A wrench,comprising a handle provided with cheek-pieces projecting therefrom anda xed jaw formed at an angle to said handle beyond said cheek-pieces, amovable jaw provided with a longitudinal slot, and adapted to traveltoward and from the fixed jaw in the space between the cheek-pieces andsaid fixed jaw, said movable jaw fitting between the said cheek-pieces,a nut in the slot of said jaw and pivotally connected with thecheekpieces, said nut having lateral projections or lugs to engage theouter edges of the cheekpieces, and a screw carried by said 'jaw andengaging said nut, substantially asset forth.

2. A Wrench comprising an operating-handle provided with cheek piecesprojecting therefrom and a fixed jaw formed at an angle to said handlebeyond the cheek-pieces, a movable jaw provided with a longitndinalslot,said movable jaw fitting between said cheekpieces, and having itsclamping-face substantially parallel to the clamping-face of the fixedjaw, a nut in the slot of the movable jaw, and havinglaterally-projecting portions at opposite ends embracing saidcheek-pieces, and a screw carried by the movable jaw and engagingsaidnut; substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES FATKIN,

Witnesses:

SAM B. EUBANKS, WM. M. DINKEL.

IOO

